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general description the max4073 low-cost, high-side current-sense ampli- fier features a voltage output that eliminates the need for gain-setting resistors making it ideal for cell phones, notebook computers, pdas, and other systems where current monitoring is crucial. high-side current moni- toring does not interfere with the ground path of the battery charger making the max4073 particularly useful in battery-powered systems. the input common-mode range of +2v to +28v is independent of the supply volt- age. the max4073? wide 1.8mhz bandwidth makes it suitable for use inside battery-charger control loops. the combination of three gain versions and a selec- table external-sense resistor sets the full-scale current reading. the max4073 offers a high level of integra- tion, resulting in a simple and compact current-sense solution. the max4073 operates from a +3v to +28v single sup- ply and draws only 0.5ma of supply current. this device is specified over the automotive operating tem- perature range (-40 c to +125 c) and is available in a space-saving 5-pin sc70 package (half the size of the sot23). for a similar device in a 6-pin sot23 with a wider com- mon-mode voltage range (0 to +28v), see the max4173 data sheet. applications cell phones notebook computers portable/battery-powered systems smart battery packs/chargers pdas power management systems pa bias control general system/board-level current monitoring precision current sources features ? low-cost, compact, current-sense solution ? three gain versions available +20v/v (MAX4073T) +50v/v (max4073f) +100v/v (max4073h) ? ?.0% full-scale accuracy ? 500? supply current ? wide 1.8mhz bandwidth ? +3v to +28v operating supply ? wide +2v to +28v common-mode range independent of supply voltage ? automotive temperature range (-40 c to +125 c) ? available in space-saving 5-pin sc70 package MAX4073T/f/h low-cost, sc70, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier typical operating circuit 19-2048; rev 1; 8/12 for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maximintegrated.com. ordering information pin configurations appear at end of data sheet. part temp. range pin-package gain (v/v) top mark MAX4073T axk+t -40 c to +125 c 5 sc70 20 acm MAX4073Taut+t -40 c to +125 c 6 sot23 20 aaue max4073f axk+t -40 c to +125 c 5 sc70 50 acn max4073faut+t -40 c to +125 c 6 sot23 50 aauf max4073h axk+t -40 c to +125 c 5 sc70 100 aco max4073haut+t -40 c to +125 c 6 sot23 100 aaug +denotes lead(pb)-free/rohs-compliant package. MAX4073T/f/h r sense i load +2v to +28v v sense v cc out v in gnd rs+ +3v to +28v 0.1f rs- load/ battery low-cost switching regulator
MAX4073T/f/h low-cost, sc70, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 2 maxim integrated absolute maximum ratings electrical characteristics (v rs+ = +2v to +28v, v sense = (v rs+ - v rs- ) = 0, v cc = +3v to +28v, t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25?.) (note 1) stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. v cc to gnd ............................................................-0.3v to +30v rs+, rs- to gnd....................................................-0.3v to +30v out to gnd ...............................................-0.3v to (v cc + 0.3v) output short-circuit to gnd ......................................continuous differential input voltage (v rs+ - v rs- ) .................................?v current into any pin..........................................................?0ma continuous power dissipation (t a = +70c) 5-pin sc70 (derate 2.27mw/? above +70?) ............200mw 6-pin sot23 (derate 8.7mw/? above +70?)............696mw operating temperature range .........................-40? to +125? junction temperature ......................................................+150? storage temperature range .............................-65? to +150? lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300? soldering temperature ....................................................+260? parameter symbol conditions min typ max units operating voltage range v cc (note 2) 3 28 v common-mode input range v cmr (note 3) 2 28 v common-mode rejection cmr v sense = 100mv, v cc = 12v 90 db supply current i cc v cc = 28v 0.5 1.2 ma leakage current i rs+ /i rs- v cc = 0v, v rs+ = 28v 0.05 1 a i rs+ 20 60 input bias current i rs- 40 120 ? full-scale sense voltage v sense v sense = (v rs+ - v rs- ) 150 mv v sense = 100mv, v cc = 12v, v rs+ = 2v ?.0 v sense = 100mv, v cc = 12v, v rs+ = 12v, t a = +25 o c ?.0 ?.0 v sense = 100mv, v cc = 12v, v rs+ = 12v, t a = t min to t max ?.0 v sense = 100mv, v cc = 28v, v rs+ = 28v, t a = +25 o c ?.0 ?.0 v sense = 100mv, v cc = 28v, v rs+ = 28v, t a = t min to t max ?.5 total out voltage error (note 4) v sense = 6.25mv (note 5); v cc = 12v, v rs+ = 12v ?.5 % extrapolated input offset voltage v os v cc = v rs+ = 12v, v sense > 10mv 1.0 mv MAX4073T, v cc = 3v max4073f, v cc = 7.5v out high voltage (v cc - v oh ) v sense = 150mv max4073h, v cc = 15v 0.8 1.2 v
MAX4073T/f/h low-cost, sc70, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 3 maxim integrated electrical characteristics (continued) (v rs+ = +2v to +28v, v sense = (v rs+ - v rs- ) = 0, v cc = +3v to +28v, t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25?.) (note 1) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units MAX4073T, v sense = 100mv 1.8 max4073f, v sense = 100mv 1.7 max4073h, v sense = 100mv 1.6 mhz bandwidth bw v cc = 12v, v rs+ = 12v, c load = 5pf MAX4073T/f/h v sense = 6.25mv ( note 5 ) 600 khz MAX4073T 20 max4073f 50 gain a v max4073h 100 v/v t a = +25 c ?.0 ?.5 v cc = 12v, v rs+ = 12v, v sense = 10mv to 150mv, MAX4073T/f t a = t min to t max ?.5 t a = +25 c ?.0 ?.5 gain accuracy ?a v v cc = 12v, v rs+ = 12v, v sense = 10mv to 100mv, max4073h t a = t min to t max ?.5 % v sense = 6.25mv to 100mv 400 out settling time to 1% of final value v cc = 12v v rs+ = 12v c load = 5pf v sense = 100mv to 6.25mv 800 ns output resistance r out 12 k? v sense = 60mv, MAX4073T 70 78 v sense = 24mv, max4073f 70 85 power-supply rejection ratio psrr v c c = 3v to 28v v sense = 12mv, max4073h 70 90 db power-up time (note 6) c load = 5pf, v sense = 100mv 5 s saturation recovery time (note 7) v cc = 12v, v rs+ = 12v, c load = 5pf 5 s note 1: all devices are 100% production tested at t a = +25?. all temperature limits are guaranteed by design. note 2: inferred from psrr test. note 3: inferred from out voltage error test. note 4: total out voltage error is the sum of the gain and offset errors. note 5: 6.25mv = 1/16 of 100mv full-scale sense voltage. note 6: output settles to within 1% of final value. note 7: the device will not experience phase reversal when overdriven.
MAX4073T/f/h low-cost, sc70, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 4 maxim integrated 0.43 0.46 0.45 0.44 0.47 0.48 0.49 0.50 0.51 0.52 0.53 01 0 5 15202530 supply current vs. supply voltage max4073 toc01 supply voltage (v) supply current (ma) v sense = 6.25mv max4073h max4073f MAX4073T 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 01 0 5 15202530 supply current vs. supply voltage max4073 toc02 supply voltage (v) supply current (ma) v sense = 100mv max4073h max4073f MAX4073T 0 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.7 -50 0 25 -25 50 75 100 125 supply current vs. temperature max4073 toc03 temperature (?c) supply current (ma) v sense = 0 v cc = +28v 0.47 0.49 0.48 0.51 0.50 0.53 0.52 0.54 01 01 5 5 202530 supply current vs. v rs+ voltage max4073 toc04 v rs+ (v) supply current (ma) v sense = 6.25mv max4073h max4073f MAX4073T -1.0 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 01 0 5 15202530 total output error vs. supply voltage max 4073 toc07 supply voltage (v) total output error (%) v sense = 100mv max4073f max4073h MAX4073T 0.60 0.90 0.80 0.70 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 01 0 5 15202530 supply current vs. v rs+ voltage max4073 toc05 v rs+ (v) supply current (ma) v sense = 100mv max4073h max4073f MAX4073T 0 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 1.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 output high voltage (v cc - v oh ) vs. temperature max4073 toc06 temperature ( c) v cc - v oh (v) v sense = 150mv -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 01 0 5 15202530 total output error vs. supply voltage max4073 toc08 supply voltage (v) total output error (%) v sense = 6.25mv typical operating characteristics (v cc = +12v, v rs+ = +12v, v sense = 100mv, c l = 5pf, t a = +25c, unless otherwise noted.) -3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0 0.5 1.0 01 0 5 15202530 total output error vs. common-mode voltage max4073 toc09 common-mode voltage (v) total output error (%)
MAX4073T/f/h low-cost, sc70, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 5 maxim integrated -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 -0.2 -0.4 0.2 0 0.4 0.8 0.6 1.0 -50 0 25 -25 50 75 100 125 150 total output error vs. temperature max4073 toc10 temperature (c) total output error (%) v cc = +12v v cc = +28v gain accuracy vs. temperature max4073 toc11 -2.0 -1.5 -0.5 -1.0 1.0 1.5 0.5 0 2.0 gain accuracy (%) -50 0 25 -25 50 75 100 125 temperature ( c) v sense = (10mv - 100mv) 100 1000 5 10 15 20 25 35 30 40 45 0.1 1 10 small-signal gain vs. frequency max4073 toc12 frequency (khz) gain (db) 0 10,000 max4073h max4073f MAX4073T typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = +12v, v rs+ = +12v, v sense = 100mv, c l = 5pf, t a = +25c, unless otherwise noted.) 100 20 0.1 10 100 power-supply rejection ratio vs. frequency 40 30 50 60 70 80 90 max4073 toc13 frequency (khz) psrr (db) 1 1000 max4073h max4073f MAX4073T 1s/div MAX4073T small-signal transient response v sense 2.5mv/div out 50mv/div 95mv 100mv 2v 1.9v max4073 toc14 1s/div max4073f small-signal transient response v sense 2.5mv/div out 125mv/div 95mv 100mv 5v 4.75v max4073 toc15 1s/div max4073h small-signal transient response v sense 2.5mv/div 95mv 100mv 10v 9.5v max4073 toc16 out 250mv/div
MAX4073T/f/h low-cost, sc70, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 6 maxim integrated typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = +12v, v rs+ = +12v, v sense = 100mv, c l = 5pf, t a = +25c, unless otherwise noted.) 1s/div MAX4073T large-signal transient response v sense 45mv/div out 0.9v/div 6.25mv 100mv 2v 0.120v max4073 toc17 1s/div max4073f large-signal transient response v sense 45mv/div out 2.35v/div 6.25mv 100mv 5v 0.3v max4073 toc18 1s/div max4073h large-signal transient response v sense 45mv/div out 4.7v/div 6.25mv 100mv 10v 0.6v max4073 toc19 1s/div MAX4073T overdrive response v sense 100mv/div out 600mv/div 50mv 250mv v oh 1v max4073 toc20 v cc = +3v 1s/div MAX4073T startup delay v cc 2v/div out 1v/div 0 4v 2v 0 max4073 toc21 v cc = 0 to +4v
detailed description the max4073 high-side current-sense amplifier fea- tures a +2v to +28v input common-mode range that is independent of supply voltage. this feature allows the monitoring of current out of a battery as low as +2v and also enables high-side current sensing at voltages greater than the supply voltage (v cc ). the max4073 operates as follows: current from the source flows through r sense to the load (figure 1). since the internal-sense amplifier? inverting input has high impedance, negligible current flows through rg2 (neglecting the input bias current). therefore, the sense amplifier? inverting-input voltage equals v source - (i load )(r sense ). the amplifier? open-loop gain forces its noninverting input to the same voltage as the inverting input. therefore, the drop across rg1 equals (i load )(r sense ). since i rg1 flows through rg1, i rg1 = (i load )(r sense ) / rg1. the internal current mirror multiplies i rg1 by a current gain factor, , to give i rgd = ? i rg1 . solving i rgd = ? (i load )(r sense )/ rg1. assuming infinite output impedance, v out = (i rgd ) (rgd). substituting in for i rgd and rearranging, v out = ? (rgd/rg1)(r sense ? i load ). the parts gain equals ? rgd/rg1. therefore, v out = (gain) (r sense ) (i load ), where gain = 20v/v for MAX4073T, gain = 50v/v for max4073f, and gain = 100v/v for max4073h. set the full-scale output range by selecting r sense and the appropriate gain version of the max4073. applications information recommended component values the max4073 senses a wide variety of currents with different sense resistor values. table 1 lists common resistor values for typical operation of the max4073. choosing r sense to measure lower currents more accurately, use a large value for r sense . the larger value develops a higher-sense voltage that reduces offset voltage errors of the internal op amp. typical sense voltages range between 10mv and 150mv. in applications monitoring very high currents, r sense must be able to dissipate the i 2 r losses. if the resistor? rated power dissipation is exceeded, its value may drift or it may fail altogether, causing a differential voltage across the terminals in excess of the absolute maxi- mum ratings (?v). if i sense has a large high-frequency component, mini- mize the inductance of r sense . wire-wound resistors have the highest inductance, metal-film resistors are MAX4073T/f/h low-cost, sc70, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 7 maxim integrated pin description pin sot23 sc70 name function 1, 2 2 gnd ground 33v cc supply voltage input. bypass to gnd with a 0.1? capacitor. 4 4 rs+ power-side connection to the external sense resistor 5 5 rs- load-side connection to the external sense resistor 6 1 out voltage output. v out is proportional to v sense . output impedance is approximately 12k? . r sense v source +2v to +28v +3v to +28v rgd = 12k? v out i rg1 i rgd i load r g1 r g2 rs- rs+ out gnd to load/battery v cc current mirror a1 MAX4073T/f/h figure 1. functional diagram
MAX4073T/f/h low-cost, sc70, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 8 maxim integrated somewhat better, and low-inductance metal-film resis- tors are best suited for these applications. for v sense = 100mv, full-scale output voltage can be 2v, 5v, or 10v depending on the gain. for proper oper- ation, ensure v cc exceeds the full-scale output voltage by 1.2v (see output high voltage (v cc - v oh ) vs. temperature in the typical operating characteristics ). using a pcb trace as r sense if the cost of r sense is an issue and accuracy is not critical, use the alternative solution shown in figure 2. this solution uses copper pc board traces to create a sense resistor. the resistivity of a 0.1-inch-wide trace of 2-ounce copper is approximately 30m? /ft. the resis- tance-temperature coefficient of copper is fairly high (approximately 0.4%/?), so systems that experience a wide temperature variance must compensate for this effect. in addition, do not exceed the maximum power dissipation of the copper trace. for example, the MAX4073T (with a maximum load cur- rent of 10a and an r sense of 5m?) creates a full-scale v sense of 50mv that yields a maximum v out of 1v. r sense in this case requires about 2 inches of 0.1 inch- wide copper trace. output impedance the output of the max4073 is a current source driving a 12k? resistance. resistive loading added to out reduces the output gain of the max4073. to minimize output errors for most applications, connect out to a high-impedance input stage. when output buffering is required, choose an op amp with a common-mode input range and an output voltage swing that includes ground when operating with a single supply. the op amp? supply voltage range should be at least as high as any voltage the system may encounter. the percent error introduced by output loading is deter- mined with the following formula: where r load is the external load applied to out. current source circuit figure 3 shows a block diagram using the max4073 with a switching regulator to make a current source. % 100 r 12k r 1 error load load = ? + ? ? ? ? ? ? ? MAX4073T v sense r sense +3v to +28v 0.1f rs+ + 0.3in copper input load/battery 0.3in copper 0.1in copper rs- gnd out v cc _ figure 2. MAX4073T connections showing use of pc board figure 3. current source MAX4073T/f/h r sense i load +2v to +28v v sense v cc out v in gnd rs+ +3v to +28v 0.1f rs- load/ battery low-cost switching regulator
MAX4073T/f/h low-cost, sc70, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 9 maxim integrated table 1. recommended component values 10.0 100 5.0 50 2.0 10 10 20 10.0 100 5.0 50 2.0 5 20 20 10.0 100 5.0 50 2.0 1 100 20 10.0 100 5.0 50 1000 current-sense resistor r sense (m ? ) 20 gain 2.0 0.1 full-scale output voltage (full-scale v sense = 100mv) v out (v) full-scale load current i load (a) 5 rs- gnd gnd rs+ v cc 16 out MAX4073T/f/h 2 34 sot23 gnd v cc 15 rs- out MAX4073T/f/h sc70 ++ 2 34 top view rs+ pin configurations chip information process: bipolar
MAX4073T/f/h low-cost, sc70, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 10 maxim integrated sc70, 5l.eps package outline, 5l sc70 21-0076 1 1 e package information for the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages . note that a ?? ?? or ??in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but th e drawing pertains to the package regardless of rohs status. package type package code outline no. land pattern no. 5 sc70 x5+1 21-0076 90-0188 6 sot23 u6+4 21-0058 90-0175
MAX4073T/f/h low-cost, sc70, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 11 maxim integrated 6lsot.eps package outline, sot 6l body 21-0058 2 1 i package outline, sot 6l body 21-0058 2 2 i package information (continued) for the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages . note that a ?? ?? or ??in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but th e drawing pertains to the package regardless of rohs status.
MAX4073T/f/h low-cost, sc70, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circuit patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. the parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the electrical characteristics table are guaranteed. other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. 12 _______________________________maxim integrated 160 rio robles, san jose, ca 95134 usa 1-408-601-1000 2012 maxim integrated products the maxim logo and maxim integrated are trademarks of maxim integrated products, inc. revision history revision number revision date description pages changed 0 5/01 initial release 2 8/12 added lead-free notation to ordering information. 1

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